Improvement in coal-oil lamps



l. G. HUNT` Lamp.

No. 41,300. Patented Jan. 19, ia64.

MML

Irrue now;

UNITED STATESm JAMES Gr. HUNT, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN COAL-OIL LAMPS.

lSpecilication forming part of Letters Patent No. 41,300, dated lanuary 19, 1864.

l'o all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, JAMES G. HUNT, of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented new and uset'ulellmprovements in Oil-Lamps; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and complete description ot' the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification', in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view.' Fig. 2 is a vertical section, and Figs. 3 and et are detached parts.

My invention relates to such a construction of lamps that a perfect combustion of mineral oil can be obtained without the use ot' a chim ney prjecting above the flame; also, to such a construction that a chimney may be used, if desirable, but which is detachable at pleasnre by means of removing the chimney-holder,

y and in this manner rendering the lamp, as a whole, more portable.

A in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 represents a circular conical-shaped base, in form like an inverted funnel, surrounding both the top B that screws into the'bowl ot the lamp, and also a portion of the bowl itself', leaving a space of about half an inch between the body of the lamp and the conical base A. The cap B is designed to lit any of the mineral oil lampbowls, whether of glass or metal.

The wick-tube C is attached to the cap B in the usual n1anner-that is, by passing' through the iioor of the cap-and to which it is secured by. soldering. The wick is also raised and lowered in the usual-manner by means of the toothed wheels c c on the small shattH. The wick-tube C projects into the howl ofthe lamp only about an inch, while it extends upward above the bowl some three or four inches.

Inclosing the wick-tube C is an air-tube, D, the base of which nts the middle portion of y the cap B, which, at this point, expands and forms the diaphragm F F. (Seen in Figs. 2 and 3.) This diaphragm is perforated to admit air into the outer airchamber, hereinafter to be described. Below the point ot1 contact, between the tube D and cap B, the upright walls of the cap are perforated for the admission of air into the air-tube D, as shown at B" in Fig. 3.

From the outer margin of the diaphragm the walls of the cap extend upward, and are joined to the upper part of the conical base A l this circular wall being perforated, leaving only the narrow strip F", with the large open ings F, for the admission of air into the outer chamber, which surrounds the walls D of the inner chamber, U.

I form the outer air-chamber, D, by placing upon or permanently attaching to the upper vnd of the conical base A the cone-shaped top G, the top of which is curved inward toward the upper end of the wick-tube U, and having an opening corresponding in `shape thereto, the lip I being situated about onequarter of an inch above the top of the wicktubc O, the greater portion of the flame being above the lip. By means of this in-curving lip two objects are accomplished, rst, the coneshaped top G becomes heated at the top by the iiame, and, in consequence of the good conducting property of the metal, the heat is conveyed downward to or below the top of the conical base A, and hence the air in the outer chamber, D, becomes rareiied, second,

thereby causing a strong upward current which is deected by the lips I directly against the side ofthe ilame.

The wick-tube (l, being likewise a good conductor ot heat, and being surrounded by the air-tube D, causes the air .within the tube D and space G also to become heated, giving it a tendencyto ascend, and thus increasing the draft, and inducing an upward current ot' air within the base A, which surrounds the upper portion of the body of the lamp and cone G, whichsurrounds the wick and inner chamber. The conical-shaped top G is so formed at the top, as seenl at I, and above described, that the ascending currents of air are deflected inward and directly upon the tlame, by which means a most perfect combustion is produced, even without the aid of a chimney.

A glass chimney, J, can be attached when desirable. This is done by means of the chimney-holder K, which lits over the cone G, and is secured by the right-angled slot on pin L 5 but the addition of this chimney makes very little difference with the combustion, for the upward current of air is sufficiently strong without it to insure a good combustion.

Vhat I claim as my improvement, and descvcrnl parts are constructed7 arranged, and sire io secure by Letters Patent, is-d h operated as :md for the purpose set forth. The inner air-passage, C', snrroun ing i; e flat', wick-tube C, in combination with an outer JAS' G' HUBT Y conical air-conductor, A Gr, extending from Witnesses:

the flame of the lamp downward around'the CHAS. D. CHATTEN, bowl of 'the lamp, as specified, when these W. C. LEEGH. 

